Q1: With increases in pressure, the conversion of ammonium carbamate into urea

ANS:A - increases

Urea is a compound with the chemical formula CO(NH2)2. It is a colorless, odorless, and highly soluble organic compound that serves various purposes in industry and biology.

1. Biological Importance: Urea is a waste product formed in the liver when proteins are metabolized. It is then excreted from the body through urine. In mammals, including humans, urea plays a crucial role in the excretory system by allowing for the safe disposal of excess nitrogen, which is toxic in high concentrations.
2. Fertilizer: Urea is one of the most commonly used nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture. When applied to soil, urea undergoes hydrolysis, a chemical reaction with water, to form ammonium and bicarbonate ions. These ions can then be used by plants as a source of nitrogen, an essential nutrient for their growth and development.
3. Industrial Applications: Urea has various industrial applications, including its use in the production of plastics, adhesives, and certain types of resins. It is also a key component in the manufacturing of urea-formaldehyde resins, which are widely used in the production of plywood and particleboard.
4. Cosmetics: Urea is utilized in cosmetics and personal care products as a moisturizing agent. Its ability to retain moisture makes it effective in hydrating and softening the skin.
5. Chemical Reactions: Urea can participate in various chemical reactions, including decomposition and condensation reactions. For example, when heated, urea decomposes to form ammonia and carbon dioxide. This property is exploited in the synthesis of other compounds.