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Logical Deduction

Directions to SolveIn each of the following questions, three statements are given followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and TV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Q1: Statements: All cups are glasses. Some glasses are bowls. No bowl is a plate. Conclusions:
  1. No cup is a plate.
  2. No glass is a plate.
  3. Some plates are bowls.
  4. Some cups are not glasses.

A None follows

B Only either I or III follows

C Only II and III follow

D Only III and IV follow

E None of these

ANS:A - None follows

Explanation: All cups are glasses. Some glasses are bowls. Since the middle term 'glasses' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. Some glasses are bowls. No bowl is a plate. Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some glasses are not plates'.



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