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Logical Deduction

Directions to SolveIn each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III, You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Q1: Statements: All fruits are vegetables. All pens are vegetables. All vegetables are rains. Conclusions:
  1. All fruits are rains.
  2. All pens are rains.
  3. Some rains are vegetables.

A None follows

B Only I and II follow

C Only II and III follow

D Only I and III follow

E All follow

ANS:E - All follow

Explanation: III is the converse of the third premise and so it holds. All fruits are vegetables. All vegetables are rains. The conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'All fruits are rains'. Thus, I follows. All pens are vegetables. All vegetables are rains. Clearly, it follows that 'All pens are rains'. Thus, II follows.



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