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Logical Deduction

Directions to SolveIn each of the questions below are given three statements followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III, You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from the commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Q1:

Statements: Some saints are balls. All balls are bats. Some tigers are balls. Conclusions:
  1. Some bats are tigers.
  2. Some saints are bats.
  3. All bats are balls.

A Only I and II follow

B Only II follows

C Only I and III follow

D Only III follows

E None of these.

ANS:A - Only I and II follow

Explanation: Some saints are balls. All balls are bats. Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some saints are bats'. Thus, II follows. Some tigers are balls. All balls are bats. Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some tigers are bats'. I is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.



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